Location
Overview
Beth-shemesh ("house of the sun") lay in the Sorek valley on the border between Judah and Philistia. It received the ark when the Philistines sent it home.
The ark comes home
The Philistines set the ark on a new cart drawn by two milk cows that, untrained, went "lowing as they went" straight to Beth-shemesh — a sign that the LORD had afflicted them (1 Samuel 6:12). The people of Beth-shemesh rejoiced and offered the cows as a burnt offering.
A holy fear
But some looked into the ark, and many were struck dead, so the men of Beth-shemesh cried, "Who is able to stand before this holy LORD God?" and sent the ark on to Kirjath-jearim (1 Samuel 6:19–21).
A later battlefield
Beth-shemesh was also where King Jehoash of Israel captured Amaziah of Judah after Amaziah's reckless challenge (2 Kings 14:11–13).
Events Here
The ark returns to Israel at Beth-shemesh
Scripture References
19 versesJoshua4 verses
Joshua 15:10
And the border compassed from Baalah westward unto mount Seir, and passed along unto the side of mount Jearim, which is Chesalon, on the north side, and went down to Bethshemesh, and passed on to Timnah:
Joshua 19:22
And the coast reacheth to Tabor, and Shahazimah, and Bethshemesh; and the outgoings of their border were at Jordan: sixteen cities with their villages.
Joshua 19:38
And Iron, and Migdalel, Horem, and Bethanath, and Bethshemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
Joshua 21:16
And Ain with her suburbs, and Juttah with her suburbs, and Bethshemesh with her suburbs; nine cities out of those two tribes.
Judges1 verse
Judges 1:33
Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Bethshemesh and of Bethanath became tributaries unto them.
1 Samuel6 verses
1 Samuel 6:9
And see, if it goeth up by the way of his own coast to Bethshemesh, then he hath done us this great evil: but if not, then we shall know that it is not his hand that smote us: it was a chance that happened to us. he: or, it
1 Samuel 6:12
And the kine took the straight way to the way of Bethshemesh, and went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Bethshemesh.
1 Samuel 6:13
And they of Bethshemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley: and they lifted up their eyes, and saw the ark, and rejoiced to see it.
1 Samuel 6:15
And the Levites took down the ark of the LORD, and the coffer that was with it, wherein the jewels of gold were, and put them on the great stone: and the men of Bethshemesh offered burnt offerings and sacrificed sacrifices the same day unto the LORD.
1 Samuel 6:19
And he smote the men of Bethshemesh, because they had looked into the ark of the LORD, even he smote of the people fifty thousand and threescore and ten men: and the people lamented, because the LORD had smitten many of the people with a great slaughter.
1 Samuel 6:20
And the men of Bethshemesh said, Who is able to stand before this holy LORD God? and to whom shall he go up from us?
1 Kings1 verse
1 Kings 4:9
The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Bethshemesh, and Elonbethhanan: The son: or, Ben Dekar
2 Kings2 verses
2 Kings 14:11
But Amaziah would not hear. Therefore Jehoash king of Israel went up; and he and Amaziah king of Judah looked one another in the face at Bethshemesh, which belongeth to Judah.
2 Kings 14:13
And Jehoash king of Israel took Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Jehoash the son of Ahaziah, at Bethshemesh, and came to Jerusalem, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem from the gate of Ephraim unto the corner gate, four hundred cubits.
1 Chronicles1 verse
1 Chronicles 6:59
And Ashan with her suburbs, and Bethshemesh with her suburbs: Ashan: or, Ain
2 Chronicles3 verses
2 Chronicles 25:21
So Joash the king of Israel went up; and they saw one another in the face, both he and Amaziah king of Judah, at Bethshemesh, which belongeth to Judah.
2 Chronicles 25:23
And Joash the king of Israel took Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Joash, the son of Jehoahaz, at Bethshemesh, and brought him to Jerusalem, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem from the gate of Ephraim to the corner gate, four hundred cubits. the corner: Heb. the gate of it that looketh
2 Chronicles 28:18
The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the low country, and of the south of Judah, and had taken Bethshemesh, and Ajalon, and Gederoth, and Shocho with the villages thereof, and Timnah with the villages thereof, Gimzo also and the villages thereof: and they dwelt there.
Jeremiah1 verse
Jeremiah 43:13
He shall break also the images of Bethshemesh, that is in the land of Egypt; and the houses of the gods of the Egyptians shall he burn with fire. images: Heb. statues, or, standing images Bethshemesh: or, The house of the sun
Archaeology & History
Tel Beth-Shemesh in the Sorek valley has been excavated to reveal a substantial Israelite border town, with evidence of Philistine contact and later destruction. Its position on the frontier explains both the ark's return there and its role in border wars.
Objects mentioned here
Frequently asked about Beth-shemesh
Where is Beth-shemesh today?
Today, Beth-shemesh corresponds to Tel Beth-Shemesh, Israel.
What does the name Beth-shemesh mean?
The name Beth-shemesh means “House of the sun”.
What happened at Beth-shemesh in the Bible?
Key biblical events at Beth-shemesh include the ark returns to israel at beth-shemesh.
Where is Beth-shemesh first mentioned in the Bible?
Beth-shemesh is first mentioned in Joshua 15:10.
How often is Beth-shemesh mentioned in the Bible?
Beth-shemesh is mentioned in 19 verses across 8 books: Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kings, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Jeremiah.
What happened when the ark came to Beth-shemesh?
The cows pulling the cart brought it straight there and the people rejoiced — but when some looked into the ark, many died, so they sent it on to Kirjath-jearim.
Where is Beth-shemesh?
In the Sorek valley on the Judah–Philistia border, at Tel Beth-Shemesh near modern Beit Shemesh.