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Eli

maleJudges

Meaning: “Ascended; my God

The high priest and judge at Shiloh who raised the boy Samuel but failed to restrain his own corrupt sons, and died when the ark was captured.

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Biography

Eli was the high priest and judge of Israel at Shiloh during Samuel's childhood — a godly but tragically permissive man whose failure to discipline his sons brought judgment on his house.

Mentor of Samuel

It was Eli who guided the boy Samuel when the LORD called him in the night, teaching him to answer, "Speak, LORD; for thy servant heareth" (1 Samuel 3:9). He had earlier blessed Hannah's prayer that brought Samuel into the world.

A father's failure

Eli's sons Hophni and Phinehas were "sons of Belial" who corrupted the priesthood and the offerings. Eli rebuked them weakly but "restrained them not" (1 Samuel 3:13), and a man of God foretold the fall of his house.

The day the ark was taken

When the Philistines captured the ark of God and both his sons were killed, the news reached the ninety-eight-year-old Eli. He fell backward from his seat, broke his neck, and died (1 Samuel 4:18). His daughter-in-law, dying in childbirth, named the child Ichabod — "the glory is departed from Israel."

Life Timeline

1100 BC

Guides the boy Samuel to answer God’s call

1 Samuel 3:9
1080 BC

Dies when the ark is captured and his sons are slain

1 Samuel 4:18

On the Bible timeline

Eli belongs to the Conquest & the Judges era (c. 1400 – 1050 BC).

  1. c. 1375 – 1050 BCThe Age of the Judges

Family Tree

EEliJudges
Children
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Themes & lessons from Eli

Biblical themes that run through the passages where Eli appears.

Samuel17×Eli11×Visions9×Hannah8×Prophets7×Hophni6×Judgments6×Parents6×Philistines3×Tabernacle2×Ahiah1×Ahitub1×Altars1×Barrenness1×Covetousness1×Gluttony1×High Priest, the1×Mercy Seat1×

People they appear with

Samuel6×
Hannah2×
Jonathan1×
Ahimelech1×
Solomon1×
Abiathar1×

Places in their story

Shiloh5×
Ramah (of Samuel)1×

Things in their story

Ark of the Covenant3×
The Ephod1×

Scripture Appearances

30 verses in 2 books
1 Samuel29 verses

1 Samuel 1:3

And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the LORD, were there. yearly: Heb. from year to year

1 Samuel 1:9

So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD.

1 Samuel 1:12

And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth. continued: Heb. multiplied to pray

1 Samuel 1:13

Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

1 Samuel 1:14

And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

1 Samuel 1:17

Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.

1 Samuel 1:25

And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.

1 Samuel 2:11

And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto the LORD before Eli the priest.

1 Samuel 2:12

Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial; they knew not the LORD.

1 Samuel 2:20

And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, The LORD give thee seed of this woman for the loan which is lent to the LORD. And they went unto their own home. loan: or, petition which she asked, etc

1 Samuel 2:22

Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. assembled: Heb. assembled by troops

1 Samuel 2:27

And there came a man of God unto Eli, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Did I plainly appear unto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in Pharaoh's house?

1 Samuel 3:1

And the child Samuel ministered unto the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days; there was no open vision.

1 Samuel 3:2

And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place, and his eyes began to wax dim, that he could not see;

1 Samuel 3:5

And he ran unto Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And he said, I called not; lie down again. And he went and lay down.

1 Samuel 3:6

And the LORD called yet again, Samuel. And Samuel arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou didst call me. And he answered, I called not, my son; lie down again.

1 Samuel 3:8

And the LORD called Samuel again the third time. And he arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou didst call me. And Eli perceived that the LORD had called the child.

1 Samuel 3:9

Therefore Eli said unto Samuel, Go, lie down: and it shall be, if he call thee, that thou shalt say, Speak, LORD; for thy servant heareth. So Samuel went and lay down in his place.

1 Samuel 3:12

In that day I will perform against Eli all things which I have spoken concerning his house: when I begin, I will also make an end. when: Heb. beginning and ending

1 Samuel 3:14

And therefore I have sworn unto the house of Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be purged with sacrifice nor offering for ever.

1 Samuel 3:15

And Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of the LORD. And Samuel feared to shew Eli the vision.

1 Samuel 3:16

Then Eli called Samuel, and said, Samuel, my son. And he answered, Here am I.

1 Samuel 4:4

So the people sent to Shiloh, that they might bring from thence the ark of the covenant of the LORD of hosts, which dwelleth between the cherubims: and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God.

1 Samuel 4:11

And the ark of God was taken; and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were slain. were slain: Heb. died

1 Samuel 4:13

And when he came, lo, Eli sat upon a seat by the wayside watching: for his heart trembled for the ark of God. And when the man came into the city, and told it, all the city cried out.

1 Samuel 4:14

And when Eli heard the noise of the crying, he said, What meaneth the noise of this tumult? And the man came in hastily, and told Eli.

1 Samuel 4:15

Now Eli was ninety and eight years old; and his eyes were dim, that he could not see. were dim: Heb. stood

1 Samuel 4:16

And the man said unto Eli, I am he that came out of the army, and I fled to day out of the army. And he said, What is there done, my son? is: Heb. is the thing

1 Samuel 14:3

And Ahiah, the son of Ahitub, Ichabod's brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the LORD'S priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And the people knew not that Jonathan was gone. Ahiah: called Ahimelech

1 Kings1 verse

1 Kings 2:27

So Solomon thrust out Abiathar from being priest unto the LORD; that he might fulfil the word of the LORD, which he spake concerning the house of Eli in Shiloh.

Frequently asked about Eli

Who was Eli in the Bible?

The high priest and judge at Shiloh who raised the boy Samuel but failed to restrain his own corrupt sons, and died when the ark was captured.

What does the name Eli mean?

The name Eli means “Ascended; my God”.

What did Eli do in the Bible?

Eli served as high priest, judge, of the tribe of Levi.

Who were Eli's children?

Eli's children include Hophni, Phinehas.

Where does Eli appear in the Bible?

Eli is mentioned 30 times across 2 books: 1 Samuel, 1 Kings.

What can we learn from Eli?

The story of Eli touches on themes of samuel, eli, visions, hannah — explore each to study the lessons drawn from Eli's life.

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