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Sarah

femalePatriarchal

Meaning: “Princess

The wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac. Barren for most of her life, she bore the child of promise in old age and became "a mother of nations."

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Biography

Sarah is the wife of Abraham and the first of the matriarchs of Israel. Her life is the story of a long-deferred promise finally fulfilled, and the New Testament holds her up as an example of faith and of holy womanhood (Hebrews 11:11; 1 Peter 3:6).

Barrenness and the long wait

Originally named Sarai, she was Abraham's half-sister as well as his wife (Genesis 20:12). Genesis introduces her with a painful note: "Sarai was barren; she had no child" (Genesis 11:30). For decades she bore the reproach of childlessness even as God repeatedly promised Abraham descendants.

Hagar and Ishmael

Impatient for the promise, Sarah gave her Egyptian maid Hagar to Abraham, and Ishmael was born (Genesis 16). The arrangement bred jealousy and grief, illustrating the cost of trying to fulfill God's promise by human means.

The child of laughter

God renamed Sarai "Sarah" and promised that she herself would bear a son (Genesis 17:15–16). She laughed in disbelief (Genesis 18:12), yet "through faith… she judged him faithful who had promised" (Hebrews 11:11). At about ninety she bore Isaac — "laughter" — and rejoiced, "God hath made me to laugh" (Genesis 21:6).

Her death and legacy

Sarah died at 127 in Hebron, and Abraham mourned and purchased the cave of Machpelah to bury her (Genesis 23). Paul makes her the mother of the children of promise and of freedom (Galatians 4:22–31), and Peter commends her trust and respect as a model for believing wives (1 Peter 3:6).

Life Timeline

2080 BC

Gives Hagar to Abraham; Ishmael is born

Genesis 16:3
2067 BC

Renamed Sarah; promised a son of her own

Genesis 17:15
2066 BC

Bears Isaac in her old age

Genesis 21:2
2029 BC

Dies at Hebron at the age of 127 and is buried at Machpelah

Genesis 23:1

On the Bible timeline

Sarah belongs to the Creation & the Early World era (Beginning – c. 2100 BC).

  1. c. 2400 BC (traditional)The Flood
  2. c. 2200 BCThe Tower of Babel

Family Tree

SSarahPatriarchal
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Themes & lessons from Sarah

Biblical themes that run through the passages where Sarah appears.

Abraham27×Woman6×Children3×Doubting3×Genealogy3×Haran3×Rebekah3×Servants3×Terah3×Afflictions and Adversities2×Cave2×Circumcision2×Conception, Miraculous2×Egyptians2×First Born, the2×Machpelah2×Predestination2×Wife2×

People they appear with

Abraham29×
Isaac6×
Hagar5×
Abimelech3×
Lot2×
Rebekah2×
Nahor1×
Haran1×
Milcah1×
Iscah1×
Terah1×
Ishmael1×
Leah1×

Places in their story

Haran3×
Hebron2×
Ur of the Chaldees1×
Gerar1×
Mamre1×
Cave of Machpelah1×

Scripture Appearances

47 verses in 4 books
Genesis43 verses

Genesis 11:29

And Abram and Nahor took them wives: the name of Abram's wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor's wife, Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah.

Genesis 11:30

But Sarai was barren; she had no child.

Genesis 11:31

And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter in law, his son Abram's wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there.

Genesis 12:5

And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.

Genesis 12:11

And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:

Genesis 12:17

And the LORD plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai Abram's wife.

Genesis 16:1

Now Sarai Abram's wife bare him no children: and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.

Genesis 16:2

And Sarai said unto Abram, Behold now, the LORD hath restrained me from bearing: I pray thee, go in unto my maid; it may be that I may obtain children by her. And Abram hearkened to the voice of Sarai. obtain: Heb. be built by her

Genesis 16:3

And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar her maid the Egyptian, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to her husband Abram to be his wife.

Genesis 16:5

And Sarai said unto Abram, My wrong be upon thee: I have given my maid into thy bosom; and when she saw that she had conceived, I was despised in her eyes: the LORD judge between me and thee.

Genesis 16:6

But Abram said unto Sarai, Behold, thy maid is in thy hand; do to her as it pleaseth thee. And when Sarai dealt hardly with her, she fled from her face. as: Heb. that which is good in thine eyes dealt: Heb. afflicted her

Genesis 16:8

And he said, Hagar, Sarai's maid, whence camest thou? and whither wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mistress Sarai.

Genesis 17:15

And God said unto Abraham, As for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall her name be. Sarah: that is Princess

Genesis 17:17

Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?

Genesis 17:19

And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him.

Genesis 17:21

But my covenant will I establish with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set time in the next year.

Genesis 18:6

And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth. Make ready: Heb. Hasten

Genesis 18:9

And they said unto him, Where is Sarah thy wife? And he said, Behold, in the tent.

Genesis 18:10

And he said, I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son. And Sarah heard it in the tent door, which was behind him.

Genesis 18:11

Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age; and it ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women.

Genesis 18:12

Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?

Genesis 18:13

And the LORD said unto Abraham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old?

Genesis 18:14

Is any thing too hard for the LORD? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son.

Genesis 18:15

Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid. And he said, Nay; but thou didst laugh.

Genesis 20:2

And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister: and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah.

Genesis 20:14

And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife.

Genesis 20:16

And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she was reproved.

Genesis 20:18

For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham's wife.

Genesis 21:1

And the LORD visited Sarah as he had said, and the LORD did unto Sarah as he had spoken.

Genesis 21:2

For Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him.

Genesis 21:3

And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac.

Genesis 21:6

And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me.

Genesis 21:7

And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born him a son in his old age.

Genesis 21:9

And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking.

Genesis 21:12

And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.

Genesis 23:1

And Sarah was an hundred and seven and twenty years old: these were the years of the life of Sarah.

Genesis 23:2

And Sarah died in Kirjatharba; the same is Hebron in the land of Canaan: and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.

Genesis 23:19

And after this, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of Machpelah before Mamre: the same is Hebron in the land of Canaan.

Genesis 24:36

And Sarah my master's wife bare a son to my master when she was old: and unto him hath he given all that he hath.

Genesis 24:67

And Isaac brought her into his mother Sarah's tent, and took Rebekah, and she became his wife; and he loved her: and Isaac was comforted after his mother's death.

Genesis 25:10

The field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth: there was Abraham buried, and Sarah his wife.

Genesis 25:12

Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham:

Genesis 49:31

There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.

Isaiah1 verse

Isaiah 51:2

Look unto Abraham your father, and unto Sarah that bare you: for I called him alone, and blessed him, and increased him.

Romans2 verses

Romans 4:19

And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:

Romans 9:9

For this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sarah shall have a son.

1 Peter1 verse

1 Peter 3:6

Even as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord: whose daughters ye are, as long as ye do well, and are not afraid with any amazement. daughters: Gr. children

Frequently asked about Sarah

Who was Sarah in the Bible?

The wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac. Barren for most of her life, she bore the child of promise in old age and became "a mother of nations."

What does the name Sarah mean?

The name Sarah means “Princess”.

What did Sarah do in the Bible?

Sarah served as matriarch, of the tribe of Hebrew.

Who were Sarah's children?

Sarah's children include Isaac.

Where does Sarah appear in the Bible?

Sarah is mentioned 47 times across 4 books: Genesis, Isaiah, Romans, 1 Peter.

What can we learn from Sarah?

The story of Sarah touches on themes of abraham, woman, children, doubting — explore each to study the lessons drawn from Sarah's life.

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