Location
Overview
Ai (called "Hai" in Genesis) stood in the hills just east of Bethel. It frames the beginning of Abraham's life in the land and a hard lesson in the days of Joshua.
Abraham's altar between Bethel and Ai
Coming into Canaan, Abram "removed... unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD" (Genesis 12:8). He returned to the same spot after his time in Egypt (Genesis 13:3).
Defeat and victory under Joshua
At the conquest, Israel was first routed at Ai because of Achan's sin (Joshua 7). After the sin was judged, Joshua took the city by an ambush and it became "a heap for ever" (Joshua 8:28) — true to its name, "the ruin."
Events Here
Abram builds an altar between Bethel and Ai
Scripture References
29 versesGenesis2 verses
Genesis 12:8
And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.
Genesis 13:3
And he went on his journeys from the south even to Bethel, unto the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Hai;
Joshua27 verses
Joshua 7:2
And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Bethaven, on the east side of Bethel, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. And the men went up and viewed Ai.
Joshua 7:3
And they returned to Joshua, and said unto him, Let not all the people go up; but let about two or three thousand men go up and smite Ai; and make not all the people to labour thither; for they are but few. about: Heb. about two thousand men, or, about three thousand men
Joshua 7:4
So there went up thither of the people about three thousand men: and they fled before the men of Ai.
Joshua 7:5
And the men of Ai smote of them about thirty and six men: for they chased them from before the gate even unto Shebarim, and smote them in the going down: wherefore the hearts of the people melted, and became as water. in: or, in Morad
Joshua 8:1
And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:
Joshua 8:2
And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.
Joshua 8:3
So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.
Joshua 8:9
Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.
Joshua 8:10
And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.
Joshua 8:11
And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.
Joshua 8:12
And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city. of: or, of Ai
Joshua 8:14
And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.
Joshua 8:16
And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.
Joshua 8:17
And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.
Joshua 8:18
And the LORD said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.
Joshua 8:20
And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers. power: Heb. hand
Joshua 8:21
And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.
Joshua 8:23
And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.
Joshua 8:24
And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.
Joshua 8:25
And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.
Joshua 8:26
For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.
Joshua 8:28
And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.
Joshua 8:29
And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.
Joshua 9:3
And when the inhabitants of Gibeon heard what Joshua had done unto Jericho and to Ai,
Joshua 10:1
Now it came to pass, when Adonizedek king of Jerusalem had heard how Joshua had taken Ai, and had utterly destroyed it; as he had done to Jericho and her king, so he had done to Ai and her king; and how the inhabitants of Gibeon had made peace with Israel, and were among them;
Joshua 10:2
That they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty. royal: Heb. cities of the kingdom
Joshua 12:9
The king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;
Archaeology & History
The location of Ai is debated. It has traditionally been placed at Et-Tell near Bethel, though that site shows a gap in occupation in the relevant period, leading some scholars to favour the nearby Khirbet el-Maqatir. Its very name, "the ruin," fits a place destined to be left a heap.
People who appear here
Frequently asked about Ai
Where is Ai today?
Today, Ai corresponds to Et-Tell / Khirbet el-Maqatir (debated), West Bank.
What does the name Ai mean?
The name Ai means “The ruin, the heap”.
What happened at Ai in the Bible?
Key biblical events at Ai include abram builds an altar between bethel and ai.
Where is Ai first mentioned in the Bible?
Ai is first mentioned in Genesis 12:8.
How often is Ai mentioned in the Bible?
Ai is mentioned in 29 verses across 2 books: Genesis, Joshua.
What is the link between Abraham and Ai?
When Abraham first entered Canaan he pitched his tent and built an altar in the hills between Bethel and Ai (Hai), and returned to the same place after his sojourn in Egypt.
What happened at Ai under Joshua?
Israel was first defeated there because of Achan’s sin; after that was dealt with, Joshua captured Ai by an ambush and reduced it to a ruin.