Home/Places/Bethel

Bethel

Ephraim

Town in Ephraim · today Beitin, West Bank

Meaning: “House of God

Where Jacob dreamed of a ladder to heaven — later a chief sanctuary, and then a centre of idolatry.

Location

Overview

Bethel, "the house of God," stood about twelve miles north of Jerusalem on the central ridge. It was one of the most significant sanctuaries of ancient Israel — for both worship and, later, apostasy.

Jacob's ladder

Fleeing from Esau, Jacob slept here with a stone for a pillow and dreamed of a ladder reaching to heaven with angels ascending and descending. He awoke and said, "this is none other but the house of God," and named the place Bethel (Genesis 28:12–19).

A place of worship

Abraham had earlier built an altar nearby (Genesis 12:8). In the time of the judges the ark of God was at Bethel (Judges 20:26–27), and Samuel judged Israel on a circuit that included it (1 Samuel 7:16).

The golden calf

After the kingdom divided, Jeroboam set up one of his two golden calves at Bethel to keep Israel from worshipping in Jerusalem (1 Kings 12:28–29), and the prophets Amos and Hosea later denounced its corrupted shrine.

Events Here

1900 BC

Jacob dreams of a ladder to heaven and names the place Bethel

Genesis 28:19
930 BC

Jeroboam sets up a golden calf at Bethel

1 Kings 12:29

Scripture References

61 verses
Genesis11 verses

Genesis 12:8

And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Beth–el, and pitched his tent, having Beth–el on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the Lord, and called upon the name of the Lord.

Genesis 13:3

And he went on his journeys from the south even to Beth–el, unto the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Beth–el and Hai;

Genesis 28:19

And he called the name of that place Beth–el: but the name of that city was called Luz at the first.

Genesis 31:13

I am the God of Beth–el, where thou anointedst the pillar, and where thou vowedst a vow unto me: now arise, get thee out from this land, and return unto the land of thy kindred.

Genesis 35:1

And God said unto Jacob, Arise, go up to Beth–el, and dwell there: and make there an altar unto God, that appeared unto thee when thou fleddest from the face of Esau thy brother.

Genesis 35:3

And let us arise, and go up to Beth–el; and I will make there an altar unto God, who answered me in the day of my distress, and was with me in the way which I went.

Genesis 35:6

So Jacob came to Luz, which is in the land of Canaan, that is, Beth–el, he and all the people that were with him.

Genesis 35:7

And he built there an altar, and called the place El–beth–el: because there God appeared unto him, when he fled from the face of his brother.

Genesis 35:8

But Deborah Rebekah’s nurse died, and she was buried beneath Beth–el under an oak: and the name of it was called Allon–bachuth.

Genesis 35:15

And Jacob called the name of the place where God spake with him, Beth–el.

Genesis 35:16

And they journeyed from Beth–el; and there was but a little way to come to Ephrath: and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour.

Joshua10 verses

Joshua 7:2

And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Beth–aven, on the east side of Beth–el, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. And the men went up and viewed Ai.

Joshua 8:9

Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

Joshua 8:12

And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of the city.

Joshua 8:17

And there was not a man left in Ai or Beth–el, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

Joshua 12:9

The king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Beth–el, one;

Joshua 12:16

The king of Makkedah, one; the king of Beth–el, one;

Joshua 16:1

And the lot of the children of Joseph fell from Jordan by Jericho, unto the water of Jericho on the east, to the wilderness that goeth up from Jericho throughout mount Beth–el,

Joshua 16:2

And goeth out from Beth–el to Luz, and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth,

Joshua 18:13

And the border went over from thence toward Luz, to the side of Luz, which is Beth–el, southward; and the border descended to Ataroth–adar, near the hill that lieth on the south side of the nether Beth–horon.

Joshua 18:22

And Beth–arabah, and Zemaraim, and Beth–el,

Judges5 verses

Judges 1:22

And the house of Joseph, they also went up against Beth–el: and the Lord was with them.

Judges 1:23

And the house of Joseph sent to descry Beth–el. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.)

Judges 4:5

And she dwelt under the palm tree of Deborah between Ramah and Beth–el in mount Ephraim: and the children of Israel came up to her for judgment.

Judges 20:31

And the children of Benjamin went out against the people, and were drawn away from the city; and they began to smite of the people, and kill, as at other times, in the highways, of which one goeth up to the house of God, and the other to Gibeah in the field, about thirty men of Israel.

Judges 21:19

Then they said, Behold, there is a feast of the Lord in Shiloh yearly in a place which is on the north side of Beth–el, on the east side of the highway that goeth up from Beth–el to Shechem, and on the south of Lebonah.

1 Samuel4 verses

1 Samuel 7:16

And he went from year to year in circuit to Beth–el, and Gilgal, and Mizpeh, and judged Israel in all those places.

1 Samuel 10:3

Then shalt thou go on forward from thence, and thou shalt come to the plain of Tabor, and there shall meet thee three men going up to God to Beth–el, one carrying three kids, and another carrying three loaves of bread, and another carrying a bottle of wine:

1 Samuel 13:2

Saul chose him three thousand men of Israel; whereof two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in mount Beth–el, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin: and the rest of the people he sent every man to his tent.

1 Samuel 30:27

To them which were in Beth–el, and to them which were in south Ramoth, and to them which were in Jattir,

1 Kings8 verses

1 Kings 12:29

And he set the one in Beth–el, and the other put he in Dan.

1 Kings 12:32

And Jeroboam ordained a feast in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, like unto the feast that is in Judah, and he offered upon the altar. So did he in Beth–el, sacrificing unto the calves that he had made: and he placed in Beth–el the priests of the high places which he had made.

1 Kings 12:33

So he offered upon the altar which he had made in Beth–el the fifteenth day of the eighth month, even in the month which he had devised of his own heart; and ordained a feast unto the children of Israel: and he offered upon the altar, and burnt incense.

1 Kings 13:1

And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the Lord unto Beth–el: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

1 Kings 13:4

And it came to pass, when king Jeroboam heard the saying of the man of God, which had cried against the altar in Beth–el, that he put forth his hand from the altar, saying, Lay hold on him. And his hand, which he put forth against him, dried up, so that he could not pull it in again to him.

1 Kings 13:10

So he went another way, and returned not by the way that he came to Beth–el.

1 Kings 13:11

Now there dwelt an old prophet in Beth–el; and his sons came and told him all the works that the man of God had done that day in Beth–el: the words which he had spoken unto the king, them they told also to their father.

1 Kings 13:32

For the saying which he cried by the word of the Lord against the altar in Beth–el, and against all the houses of the high places which are in the cities of Samaria, shall surely come to pass.

2 Kings9 verses

2 Kings 2:2

And Elijah said unto Elisha, Tarry here, I pray thee; for the Lord hath sent me to Beth–el. And Elisha said unto him, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. So they went down to Beth–el.

2 Kings 2:3

And the sons of the prophets that were at Beth–el came forth to Elisha, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the Lord will take away thy master from thy head to day? And he said, Yea, I know it; hold ye your peace.

2 Kings 2:23

And he went up from thence unto Beth–el: and as he was going up by the way, there came forth little children out of the city, and mocked him, and said unto him, Go up, thou bald head; go up, thou bald head.

2 Kings 10:29

Howbeit from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, Jehu departed not from after them, to wit, the golden calves that were in Beth–el, and that were in Dan.

2 Kings 17:28

Then one of the priests whom they had carried away from Samaria came and dwelt in Beth–el, and taught them how they should fear the Lord.

2 Kings 23:4

And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the Lord all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth–el.

2 Kings 23:15

Moreover the altar that was at Beth–el, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, both that altar and the high place he brake down, and burned the high place, and stamped it small to powder, and burned the grove.

2 Kings 23:17

Then he said, What title is that that I see? And the men of the city told him, It is the sepulchre of the man of God, which came from Judah, and proclaimed these things that thou hast done against the altar of Beth–el.

2 Kings 23:19

And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord to anger, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth–el.

1 Chronicles1 verse

1 Chronicles 7:28

And their possessions and habitations were, Beth–el and the towns thereof, and eastward Naaran, and westward Gezer, with the towns thereof; Shechem also and the towns thereof, unto Gaza and the towns thereof:

2 Chronicles1 verse

2 Chronicles 13:19

And Abijah pursued after Jeroboam, and took cities from him, Beth–el with the towns thereof, and Jeshanah with the towns thereof, and Ephrain with the towns thereof.

Ezra1 verse

Ezra 2:28

The men of Beth–el and Ai, two hundred twenty and three.

Nehemiah2 verses

Nehemiah 7:32

The men of Beth–el and Ai, an hundred twenty and three.

Nehemiah 11:31

The children also of Benjamin from Geba dwelt at Michmash, and Aija, and Beth–el, and in their villages,

Jeremiah1 verse

Jeremiah 48:13

And Moab shall be ashamed of Chemosh, as the house of Israel was ashamed of Beth–el their confidence.

Hosea2 verses

Hosea 10:15

So shall Beth–el do unto you because of your great wickedness: in a morning shall the king of Israel utterly be cut off.

Hosea 12:4

Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed: he wept, and made supplication unto him: he found him in Beth–el, and there he spake with us;

Amos6 verses

Amos 3:14

That in the day that I shall visit the transgressions of Israel upon him I will also visit the altars of Beth–el: and the horns of the altar shall be cut off, and fall to the ground.

Amos 4:4

Come to Beth–el, and transgress; at Gilgal multiply transgression; and bring your sacrifices every morning, and your tithes after three years:

Amos 5:5

But seek not Beth–el, nor enter into Gilgal, and pass not to Beer–sheba: for Gilgal shall surely go into captivity, and Beth–el shall come to nought.

Amos 5:6

Seek the Lord, and ye shall live; lest he break out like fire in the house of Joseph, and devour it, and there be none to quench it in Beth–el.

Amos 7:10

Then Amaziah the priest of Beth–el sent to Jeroboam king of Israel, saying, Amos hath conspired against thee in the midst of the house of Israel: the land is not able to bear all his words.

Amos 7:13

But prophesy not again any more at Beth–el: for it is the king’s chapel, and it is the king’s court.

Archaeology & History

Bethel is usually identified with the village of Beitin in the West Bank, where excavations have uncovered remains from the Bronze and Iron Ages. Its prominence as both a patriarchal site and a royal sanctuary of the northern kingdom is reflected in its very frequent mention across the Hebrew Bible.

People who appear here

Jeroboam7×
Jacob2×
Joshua2×
Elisha2×
Esau1×
Rebekah1×
Rachel1×
Deborah1×
Saul1×
Jonathan1×
Elijah1×
Jehu1×
Josiah1×
Amos1×

Frequently asked about Bethel

Where is Bethel today?

Today, Bethel corresponds to Beitin, West Bank.

What does the name Bethel mean?

The name Bethel means “House of God”.

What happened at Bethel in the Bible?

Key biblical events at Bethel include jacob dreams of a ladder to heaven and names the place bethel; jeroboam sets up a golden calf at bethel.

Where is Bethel first mentioned in the Bible?

Bethel is first mentioned in Genesis 12:8.

How often is Bethel mentioned in the Bible?

Bethel is mentioned in 61 verses across 13 books: Genesis, Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kings, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Jeremiah, Hosea, Amos.

What does Bethel mean?

"Bethel" means "house of God" in Hebrew. Jacob named it after dreaming of a ladder to heaven and declaring the place to be the house of God.

Why did Bethel become a place of idolatry?

After Israel divided, King Jeroboam set up a golden calf there (and another at Dan) so his subjects would not go to worship in Jerusalem. Prophets like Amos condemned its worship.