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Jacob

malePatriarchal

Meaning: “He grasps the heel / Supplanter

Jacob, grandson of Abraham, wrestled with God and was renamed Israel, becoming the father of the twelve tribes of Israel.

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Biography

Jacob was the younger of twin sons born to Isaac and Rebekah. He was born grasping his brother Esau's heel, and his name reflects this (Genesis 25:19-26). Jacob later bought Esau's birthright for a bowl of stew and, with his mother's help, deceived his blind father into giving him Esau's blessing (Genesis 27).

Fleeing his brother's anger, Jacob traveled to his uncle Laban in Haran. Along the way he had a vision of a stairway to heaven at Bethel, where God renewed the Abrahamic covenant with him (Genesis 28:10-17). He worked for Laban for years and married both of Laban's daughters, Leah and Rachel, along with their servants Bilhah and Zilpah, who together bore him twelve sons and a daughter.

Returning to Canaan, Jacob wrestled with a divine being at Peniel through the night and was given the new name Israel, meaning "he struggles with God" (Genesis 32:22-32). He reconciled with Esau and settled in the land.

Jacob's later years were marked by grief over his favorite son Joseph, sold into slavery by his brothers, and joy at their eventual reunion in Egypt. Jacob moved his entire family to Egypt during a famine, where he blessed his sons and grandsons before his death. His sons became the ancestors of the twelve tribes of Israel (Genesis 49-50).

Life Timeline

2006 BC

Born to Isaac and Rebekah, grasping Esau's heel

Genesis 25:24-26
1930 BC

Buys Esau's birthright

Genesis 25:29-34
1929 BC

Deceives Isaac to receive the blessing, flees to Haran

Genesis 27:1-45
1929 BC

Dream of the stairway to heaven at Bethel

Genesis 28:10-17
1908 BC

Marries Leah and Rachel

Genesis 29:15-30
1908 BC

Wrestles with God at Peniel, renamed Israel

Genesis 32:22-32
1897 BC

Reunited with Joseph in Egypt

Genesis 46:28-30
1859 BC

Blesses his sons and dies in Egypt

Genesis 49:1-33

On the Bible timeline

Jacob belongs to the The Patriarchs era (c. 2100 – 1800 BC).

  1. c. 2091 BCThe Call of Abraham
  2. c. 1898 BCJoseph Sold into Egypt

Family Tree

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Themes & lessons from Jacob

Biblical themes that run through the passages where Jacob appears.

Jacob81×Rebekah39×Children37×Patriarchal Government35×Tribes of Israel, the26×Rachel20×Laban19×Esau16×Wages16×Betrothal13×Israel9×Shepherd9×Jews, the8×Christ is God7×Prayer7×Prayer, Answers To7×Birthright6×Wine6×

People they appear with

Rachel30×
Esau25×
Leah16×
Laban15×
Rebekah10×
Judah3×
Isaac2×
Dan2×
Joseph2×
Ephron2×
Bethuel1×
Zilpah1×
Bilhah1×
Reuben1×
Simeon1×
Levi1×
Zebulun1×
Issachar1×
Gad1×
Asher1×
Naphtali1×
Benjamin1×

Places in their story

Haran3×
Padan-aram2×
Bethel2×
Peniel2×
Beersheba1×
Shiloh1×
Sidon (Zidon)1×
Mamre1×
Cave of Machpelah1×

Things in their story

Jacob’s Ladder1×

Scripture Appearances

155 verses in 1 book
Genesis155 verses

Genesis 25:19

And these are the generations of Isaac, Abraham’s son: Abraham begat Isaac:

Genesis 25:20

And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padan–aram, the sister to Laban the Syrian.

Genesis 25:21

And Isaac intreated the Lord for his wife, because she was barren: and the Lord was intreated of him, and Rebekah his wife conceived.

Genesis 25:22

And the children struggled together within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus? And she went to enquire of the Lord.

Genesis 25:23

And the Lord said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.

Genesis 25:24

And when her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb.

Genesis 25:25

And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau.

Genesis 25:26

And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau’s heel; and his name was called Jacob: and Isaac was threescore years old when she bare them.

Genesis 25:27

And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents.

Genesis 25:28

And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his venison: but Rebekah loved Jacob.

Genesis 25:29

And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint:

Genesis 25:30

And Esau said to Jacob, Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name called Edom.

Genesis 25:31

And Jacob said, Sell me this day thy birthright.

Genesis 25:32

And Esau said, Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall this birthright do to me?

Genesis 25:33

And Jacob said, Swear to me this day; and he sware unto him: and he sold his birthright unto Jacob.

Genesis 25:34

Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way: thus Esau despised his birthright.

Genesis 27:1

And it came to pass, that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see, he called Esau his eldest son, and said unto him, My son: and he said unto him, Behold, here am I.

Genesis 27:2

And he said, Behold now, I am old, I know not the day of my death:

Genesis 27:3

Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me some venison;

Genesis 27:4

And make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me, that I may eat; that my soul may bless thee before I die.

Genesis 27:5

And Rebekah heard when Isaac spake to Esau his son. And Esau went to the field to hunt for venison, and to bring it.

Genesis 27:6

And Rebekah spake unto Jacob her son, saying, Behold, I heard thy father speak unto Esau thy brother, saying,

Genesis 27:7

Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat, and bless thee before the Lord before my death.

Genesis 27:8

Now therefore, my son, obey my voice according to that which I command thee.

Genesis 27:9

Go now to the flock, and fetch me from thence two good kids of the goats; and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth:

Genesis 27:10

And thou shalt bring it to thy father, that he may eat, and that he may bless thee before his death.

Genesis 27:11

And Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, Behold, Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am a smooth man:

Genesis 27:12

My father peradventure will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver; and I shall bring a curse upon me, and not a blessing.

Genesis 27:13

And his mother said unto him, Upon me be thy curse, my son: only obey my voice, and go fetch me them.

Genesis 27:14

And he went, and fetched, and brought them to his mother: and his mother made savoury meat, such as his father loved.

Genesis 27:15

And Rebekah took goodly raiment of her eldest son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob her younger son:

Genesis 27:16

And she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands, and upon the smooth of his neck:

Genesis 27:17

And she gave the savoury meat and the bread, which she had prepared, into the hand of her son Jacob.

Genesis 27:18

And he came unto his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I; who art thou, my son?

Genesis 27:19

And Jacob said unto his father, I am Esau thy firstborn; I have done according as thou badest me: arise, I pray thee, sit and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me.

Genesis 27:20

And Isaac said unto his son, How is it that thou hast found it so quickly, my son? And he said, Because the Lord thy God brought it to me.

Genesis 27:21

And Isaac said unto Jacob, Come near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my very son Esau or not.

Genesis 27:22

And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob’s voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau.

Genesis 27:23

And he discerned him not, because his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau’s hands: so he blessed him.

Genesis 27:24

And he said, Art thou my very son Esau? And he said, I am.

Genesis 27:25

And he said, Bring it near to me, and I will eat of my son’s venison, that my soul may bless thee. And he brought it near to him, and he did eat: and he brought him wine, and he drank.

Genesis 27:26

And his father Isaac said unto him, Come near now, and kiss me, my son.

Genesis 27:27

And he came near, and kissed him: and he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him, and said, See, the smell of my son is as the smell of a field which the Lord hath blessed:

Genesis 27:28

Therefore God give thee of the dew of heaven, and the fatness of the earth, and plenty of corn and wine:

Genesis 27:29

Let people serve thee, and nations bow down to thee: be lord over thy brethren, and let thy mother’s sons bow down to thee: cursed be every one that curseth thee, and blessed be he that blesseth thee.

Genesis 27:30

And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting.

Genesis 27:31

And he also had made savoury meat, and brought it unto his father, and said unto his father, Let my father arise, and eat of his son’s venison, that thy soul may bless me.

Genesis 27:32

And Isaac his father said unto him, Who art thou? And he said, I am thy son, thy firstborn Esau.

Genesis 27:33

And Isaac trembled very exceedingly, and said, Who? where is he that hath taken venison, and brought it me, and I have eaten of all before thou camest, and have blessed him? yea, and he shall be blessed.

Genesis 27:34

And when Esau heard the words of his father, he cried with a great and exceeding bitter cry, and said unto his father, Bless me, even me also, O my father.

Genesis 27:35

And he said, Thy brother came with subtilty, and hath taken away thy blessing.

Genesis 27:36

And he said, Is not he rightly named Jacob? for he hath supplanted me these two times: he took away my birthright; and, behold, now he hath taken away my blessing. And he said, Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me?

Genesis 27:37

And Isaac answered and said unto Esau, Behold, I have made him thy lord, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants; and with corn and wine have I sustained him: and what shall I do now unto thee, my son?

Genesis 27:38

And Esau said unto his father, Hast thou but one blessing, my father? bless me, even me also, O my father. And Esau lifted up his voice, and wept.

Genesis 27:39

And Isaac his father answered and said unto him, Behold, thy dwelling shall be the fatness of the earth, and of the dew of heaven from above;

Genesis 27:40

And by thy sword shalt thou live, and shalt serve thy brother; and it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion, that thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck.

Genesis 27:41

And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him: and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning for my father are at hand; then will I slay my brother Jacob.

Genesis 27:42

And these words of Esau her elder son were told to Rebekah: and she sent and called Jacob her younger son, and said unto him, Behold, thy brother Esau, as touching thee, doth comfort himself, purposing to kill thee.

Genesis 27:43

Now therefore, my son, obey my voice; and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother to Haran;

Genesis 27:44

And tarry with him a few days, until thy brother’s fury turn away;

Genesis 27:45

Until thy brother’s anger turn away from thee, and he forget that which thou hast done to him: then I will send, and fetch thee from thence: why should I be deprived also of you both in one day?

Genesis 28:10

And Jacob went out from Beer–sheba, and went toward Haran.

Genesis 28:11

And he lighted upon a certain place, and tarried there all night, because the sun was set; and he took of the stones of that place, and put them for his pillows, and lay down in that place to sleep.

Genesis 28:12

And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven: and behold the angels of God ascending and descending on it.

Genesis 28:13

And, behold, the Lord stood above it, and said, I am the Lord God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac: the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed;

Genesis 28:14

And thy seed shall be as the dust of the earth, and thou shalt spread abroad to the west, and to the east, and to the north, and to the south: and in thee and in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed.

Genesis 28:15

And, behold, I am with thee, and will keep thee in all places whither thou goest, and will bring thee again into this land; for I will not leave thee, until I have done that which I have spoken to thee of.

Genesis 28:16

And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, Surely the Lord is in this place; and I knew it not.

Genesis 28:17

And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place! this is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven.

Genesis 28:18

And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put for his pillows, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it.

Genesis 28:19

And he called the name of that place Beth–el: but the name of that city was called Luz at the first.

Genesis 28:20

And Jacob vowed a vow, saying, If God will be with me, and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on,

Genesis 28:21

So that I come again to my father’s house in peace; then shall the Lord be my God:

Genesis 28:22

And this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God’s house: and of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee.

Genesis 29:1

Then Jacob went on his journey, and came into the land of the people of the east.

Genesis 29:2

And he looked, and behold a well in the field, and, lo, there were three flocks of sheep lying by it; for out of that well they watered the flocks: and a great stone was upon the well’s mouth.

Genesis 29:3

And thither were all the flocks gathered: and they rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well’s mouth in his place.

Genesis 29:4

And Jacob said unto them, My brethren, whence be ye? And they said, Of Haran are we.

Genesis 29:5

And he said unto them, Know ye Laban the son of Nahor? And they said, We know him.

Genesis 29:6

And he said unto them, Is he well? And they said, He is well: and, behold, Rachel his daughter cometh with the sheep.

Genesis 29:7

And he said, Lo, it is yet high day, neither is it time that the cattle should be gathered together: water ye the sheep, and go and feed them.

Genesis 29:8

And they said, We cannot, until all the flocks be gathered together, and till they roll the stone from the well’s mouth; then we water the sheep.

Genesis 29:9

And while he yet spake with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep: for she kept them.

Genesis 29:10

And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother’s brother, that Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother’s brother.

Genesis 29:11

And Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept.

Genesis 29:12

And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s brother, and that he was Rebekah’s son: and she ran and told her father.

Genesis 29:13

And it came to pass, when Laban heard the tidings of Jacob his sister’s son, that he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. And he told Laban all these things.

Genesis 29:14

And Laban said to him, Surely thou art my bone and my flesh. And he abode with him the space of a month.

Genesis 29:15

And Laban said unto Jacob, Because thou art my brother, shouldest thou therefore serve me for nought? tell me, what shall thy wages be?

Genesis 29:16

And Laban had two daughters: the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

Genesis 29:17

Leah was tender eyed; but Rachel was beautiful and well favoured.

Genesis 29:18

And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

Genesis 29:19

And Laban said, It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man: abide with me.

Genesis 29:20

And Jacob served seven years for Rachel; and they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her.

Genesis 29:21

And Jacob said unto Laban, Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in unto her.

Genesis 29:22

And Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast.

Genesis 29:23

And it came to pass in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him; and he went in unto her.

Genesis 29:24

And Laban gave unto his daughter Leah Zilpah his maid for an handmaid.

Genesis 29:25

And it came to pass, that in the morning, behold, it was Leah: and he said to Laban, What is this thou hast done unto me? did not I serve with thee for Rachel? wherefore then hast thou beguiled me?

Genesis 29:26

And Laban said, It must not be so done in our country, to give the younger before the firstborn.

Genesis 29:27

Fulfil her week, and we will give thee this also for the service which thou shalt serve with me yet seven other years.

Genesis 29:28

And Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week: and he gave him Rachel his daughter to wife also.

Genesis 29:29

And Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah his handmaid to be her maid.

Genesis 29:30

And he went in also unto Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him yet seven other years.

Genesis 32:22

And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.

Genesis 32:23

And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had.

Genesis 32:24

And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.

Genesis 32:25

And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob’s thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him.

Genesis 32:26

And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me.

Genesis 32:27

And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob.

Genesis 32:28

And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.

Genesis 32:29

And Jacob asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there.

Genesis 32:30

And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.

Genesis 32:31

And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh.

Genesis 32:32

Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Jacob’s thigh in the sinew that shrank.

Genesis 35:9

And God appeared unto Jacob again, when he came out of Padan–aram, and blessed him.

Genesis 35:10

And God said unto him, Thy name is Jacob: thy name shall not be called any more Jacob, but Israel shall be thy name: and he called his name Israel.

Genesis 35:11

And God said unto him, I am God Almighty: be fruitful and multiply; a nation and a company of nations shall be of thee, and kings shall come out of thy loins;

Genesis 35:12

And the land which I gave Abraham and Isaac, to thee I will give it, and to thy seed after thee will I give the land.

Genesis 35:13

And God went up from him in the place where he talked with him.

Genesis 35:14

And Jacob set up a pillar in the place where he talked with him, even a pillar of stone: and he poured a drink offering thereon, and he poured oil thereon.

Genesis 35:15

And Jacob called the name of the place where God spake with him, Beth–el.

Genesis 49:1

And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days.

Genesis 49:2

Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob; and hearken unto Israel your father.

Genesis 49:3

Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:

Genesis 49:4

Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father’s bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.

Genesis 49:5

Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.

Genesis 49:6

O my soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall.

Genesis 49:7

Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel.

Genesis 49:8

Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy father’s children shall bow down before thee.

Genesis 49:9

Judah is a lion’s whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?

Genesis 49:10

The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.

Genesis 49:11

Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:

Genesis 49:12

His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk.

Genesis 49:13

Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon.

Genesis 49:14

Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens:

Genesis 49:15

And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute.

Genesis 49:16

Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.

Genesis 49:17

Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.

Genesis 49:18

I have waited for thy salvation, O Lord.

Genesis 49:19

Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last.

Genesis 49:20

Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties.

Genesis 49:21

Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words.

Genesis 49:22

Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:

Genesis 49:23

The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:

Genesis 49:24

But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:)

Genesis 49:25

Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:

Genesis 49:26

The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren.

Genesis 49:27

Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.

Genesis 49:28

All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them.

Genesis 49:29

And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

Genesis 49:30

In the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace.

Genesis 49:31

There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.

Genesis 49:32

The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from the children of Heth.

Genesis 49:33

And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.

Frequently asked about Jacob

Who was Jacob in the Bible?

Jacob, grandson of Abraham, wrestled with God and was renamed Israel, becoming the father of the twelve tribes of Israel.

What does the name Jacob mean?

The name Jacob means “He grasps the heel / Supplanter”.

What did Jacob do in the Bible?

Jacob served as shepherd, patriarch, of the tribe of Hebrew.

Who were Jacob's children?

Jacob's children include Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, Benjamin, Dinah.

Who were Jacob's parents?

Jacob was the child of Isaac, Rebekah.

Where does Jacob appear in the Bible?

Jacob is mentioned 155 times across 1 book: Genesis.

What can we learn from Jacob?

The story of Jacob touches on themes of jacob, rebekah, children, patriarchal government — explore each to study the lessons drawn from Jacob's life.

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