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1 Chronicles 19:3

19:2 And David said, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father shewed kindness to me. And David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him.
But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

KJV

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But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, “Do you think that David honors your father, in that he has sent comforters to you? Haven’t his servants come to you to search, to overthrow, and to spy out the land?”

But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Think you that David does honor your father, that he has sent comforters to you? are not his servants come to you for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

19:4 Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.

What does 1 Chronicles 19:3 mean?

1 Chronicles 19:3 is a verse in the book of 1 Chronicles, in the Old Testament. In the original Hebrew, key words include שַׂר (sar), בֵּן (bên), עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn). It connects to 13 cross-referenced passages elsewhere in Scripture.

Hebrew interlinear

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But
the
princesשַׂרsar/sar/H8269a head person (of any rank or class)
of
the
childrenבֵּןbên/bane/H1121a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
of
AmmonעַמּוֹןʻAmmôwn/am-mone'/H5983Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country
saidאָמַרʼâmar/aw-mar'/H559to say (used with great latitude)
to
Hanun,חָנוּןChânûwn/khaw-noon'/H2586Chanun, the name of an Ammonite and of two Israelites
Thinkestעַיִןʻayin/ah'-yin/H5869an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
thou
that
DavidדָּוִדDâvid/daw-veed'/H1732David, the youngest son of Jesse
doth
honourכָּבַדkâbad/kaw-bad'/H3513to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)
thy
father,אָבʼâb/awb/H1father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
that
he
hath
sentשָׁלַחshâlach/shaw-lakh'/H7971to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
comfortersנָחַםnâcham/naw-kham'/H5162properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavorably) to avenge (oneself)
unto
thee?
are
not
his
servantsעֶבֶדʻebed/eh'-bed/H5650a servant
comeבּוֹאbôwʼ/bo/H935to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
unto
thee
for
to
search,חָקַרchâqar/khaw-kar'/H2713properly, to penetrate; hence, to examine intimately
and
to
overthrow,הָפַךְhâphak/haw-fak'/H2015to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
and
to
spy
outרָגַלrâgal/raw-gal'/H7270to walk along; but only in specifically, applications, to reconnoiter, to be atale-bearer (i.e. slander); to lead about
the
land?אֶרֶץʼerets/eh'-rets/H776the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Thinkest:
Heb.
In
thine
eyes
doth
David,
etc

Commentary on 1 Chronicles 19:3

CLARKE · whole chapter
f Ammon, 1Chr 19:1, 1Chr 19:2. He treats the messengers with great incivility, 1Chr 19:3, 1Chr 19:4. David is exasperated, but condoles with the degraded messengers, 1Chr 19:5. The Ammonites prepare for war, and hire thirty-two thousand chariots, and besiege Medeba, 1Chr 19:6, 1Chr 19:7. David sends Joab to attack them; he defeats the Syrians and Ammonites, 1Chr 19:8-15. The discomfited Syrians recruit their army, and invade David's territories beyond Jordan; he attacks them, kills Shophach their general, seven thousand charioteers, and forty thousand of their infantry, 1Chr 19:16-18. The Syrians abandon the Ammonites and make a separate peace with David, 1Chr 19:19. Verse 1 Now it came to pass - See the same history, 2Sam 10:1 (note), etc., and the notes there. Verse 4 And cut off their garments in the midst - Usque ad eorum, pudenda. So the Targum, Jarchi, and others; leaving exposed what nature and decency require to be concealed. See on 2Sam 10:4 (note). Verse 6 Chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia - These are not mentioned in the parallel place in Samuel; probably they did not arrive till the Ammonites and their other allies were defeated by the Israelites in the first battle. Verse 7 Thirty and two thousand - The whole number mentioned in Samuel is, Syrians, of Beth-rehob, and of Zoba, twenty thousand; of King Maacah, one thousand; of Ish-tob, twelve thousand; in all thirty-three thousand. Of chariots or cavalry there is no mention. These could not have been the whole army. Verse 13 Be of good courage - See the note on 2Sam 10:12. Verse 18 Forty thousand footmen - See this number accounted for in the note on 2Sam 10:18 (note). Verse 19 They made peace with David, and became his servants - See on 2Sam 10:19 (note), and the concluding note in that place; and see for omissions in Chronicles, the preface to these books. Introduction
HENRY_FULL · 1 Chronicles 19:1–5
Ill Usage of David's Servants. ( b. c. 1037.) 1 Now it came to pass after this, that Nahash the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead. 2 And David said, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father shewed kindness to me. And David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him. 3 But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land? 4 Wherefore Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away. 5 Then there went certain, and told David how the men were served. And he sent to meet them: for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return. Let us here observe, 1. That is becomes good people to be neighbourly, and especially to be grateful. David will pay respect to Hanun because he is his neighbour; and religion teaches us to be civil and obliging to all, to honour all men, and to be ready to do all offices of kindness to those we live among; nor must difference in religion be any obstruction to this. But, besides this, David remembered the kindness which his father showed to him. Those that have received kindness must return it as they have ability and opportunity: those that have received it from the parents must return it to the children when they are gone. 2. That, as saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked, 1 Sam. xxiv. 13 . The vile person will speak villany, and the instruments of the churl will be evil, to destroy those with lying words that speak right, Isa. xxxii. 6, 7 . Those that are base, and design ill themselves, are apt to be jealous and to suspect ill of others without cause. Hanun's servant suggested that David's ambassadors came as spies, as if so great and mighty a man as David needed to do so mean a thing (if he had any design upon the Ammonites, he could effect it by open force, and had no occasion for any fraudulent practices), or as if a man of such virtue and honour would do so base a thing. Yet Hanun hearkened to the suggestion, and, against the law of nations, treated David's ambassadors villainously. 3. Masters ought to protect their servants, and with the greatest tenderness to concern themselves for them if they come by any loss or damage in their service. David did so for his ambassadors, v. 5 . Christ will do so for his ministers; and let all masters thus give unto their servants that which is just and equal.

Cross-references

Related passages from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge.

Genesis 42:9

And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them, Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.

Exodus 18:21

Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

Deuteronomy 1:15

So I took the chief of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains over thousands, and captains over hundreds, and captains over fifties, and captains over tens, and officers among your tribes.

Deuteronomy 33:17

His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of unicorns: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, and they are the thousands of Manasseh.

Joshua 2:1

And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim two men to spy secretly, saying, Go view the land, even Jericho. And they went, and came into an harlot’s house, named Rahab, and lodged there.

Judges 1:23

And the house of Joseph sent to descry Beth–el. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.)

Judges 18:2

And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there.

Judges 18:8

And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?

1 Samuel 29:4

And the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the princes of the Philistines said unto him, Make this fellow return, that he may go again to his place which thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the battle he be an adversary to us: for wherewith should he reconcile himself unto his master? should it not be with the heads of these men?

1 Samuel 29:9

And Achish answered and said to David, I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God: notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said, He shall not go up with us to the battle.

1 Samuel 29:11

So David and his men rose up early to depart in the morning, to return into the land of the Philistines. And the Philistines went up to Jezreel.

1 Kings 12:8

But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him:

1 Corinthians 13:5

Doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil;

Verses like this

Other verses that share key original-language words with 1 Chronicles 19:3.

2 Samuel 10:3

And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

Genesis 3:16

Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.

Numbers 22:15

And Balak sent yet again princes, more, and more honourable than they.

Frequently asked questions

What does 1 Chronicles 19:3 say?

1 Chronicles 19:3 (King James Version) reads: "But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?"

Is 1 Chronicles 19:3 in the Old or New Testament?

1 Chronicles 19:3 is in the Old Testament of the Bible, in the book of 1 Chronicles.

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As you read 1 Chronicles 19:3, what is one truth here you can carry into today?

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