Overview
The Bible addresses polygamy across 26 verses, drawn from both the Old and New Testaments. These passages cluster most in Mark, Deuteronomy and Hosea. Closely related themes include Divorce, Husbands, Birthright and Children. Figures whose stories touch this theme include Moses, Hannah, Peninnah and Jehoiada.
Key Bible verses about polygamy
Old Testament
Deuteronomy
Neither shall he multiply wives to himself, that his heart turn not away: neither shall he greatly multiply to himself silver and gold.
If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated, and they have born him children, both the beloved and the hated; and if the firstborn son be hers that was hated:
Then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before the son of the hated, which is indeed the firstborn:
But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his. that: Heb. that is found with him
Hosea
Then said the LORD unto me, Go yet, love a woman beloved of her friend, yet an adulteress, according to the love of the LORD toward the children of Israel, who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine. of wine: Heb. of grapes
So I bought her to me for fifteen pieces of silver, and for an homer of barley, and an half homer of barley: half: Heb. lethech
Malachi
Yet ye say, Wherefore? Because the LORD hath been witness between thee and the wife of thy youth, against whom thou hast dealt treacherously: yet is she thy companion, and the wife of thy covenant.
And did not he make one? Yet had he the residue of the spirit. And wherefore one? That he might seek a godly seed. Therefore take heed to your spirit, and let none deal treacherously against the wife of his youth. residue: or, excellency godly: Heb. seed of God treacherously: or, unfaithfully
New Testament
Matthew
Mark
And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him.
And he answered and said unto them, What did Moses command you?
And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.
And Jesus answered and said unto them, For the hardness of your heart he wrote you this precept.
But from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female.
For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and cleave to his wife;
And they twain shall be one flesh: so then they are no more twain, but one flesh.
1 Timothy
People in the Bible and polygamy
Biblical figures whose stories intersect with this theme.
In the Bible dictionary
Studying polygamy for yourself
- Begin with Exodus 21:10, then read the passages below in canonical order.
- Compare how Mark, Deuteronomy and Hosea each treat the theme.
- Consider the lives of Moses, Hannah and Peninnah and how their stories intersect with it.
- Widen the study to related themes: Divorce, Husbands, Birthright and Children.
Frequently asked questions
What does the Bible say about polygamy?
The Bible addresses polygamy across 26 verses, drawn from both the Old and New Testaments. These passages cluster most in Mark, Deuteronomy and Hosea. Closely related themes include Divorce, Husbands, Birthright and Children. Figures whose stories touch this theme include Moses, Hannah, Peninnah and Jehoiada.
How many Bible verses are about polygamy?
The Bible references polygamy in 26 verses (King James Version).
Where does the Bible first mention polygamy?
In canonical order, the first of these passages is Exodus 21:10: “If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.”
Which people in the Bible are associated with polygamy?
Moses, Hannah, Peninnah, Jehoiada and Jesus.
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