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What the Bible Says About Courts of Justice

Overview

The Bible addresses courts of justice across 68 verses, drawn from both the Old and New Testaments. These passages cluster most in Acts, Exodus and Numbers. Closely related themes include Judge, Prisoners, Desert, Journey of Israel Through The and Rulers. Figures whose stories touch this theme include Moses, Jesus, Abraham and Paul.

Key Bible verses about courts of justice

Old Testament

Exodus

Exodus 18:13

And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

Exodus 18:14

And when Moses' father in law saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even?

Exodus 18:15

And Moses said unto his father in law, Because the people come unto me to enquire of God:

Exodus 18:16

When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes of God, and his laws. one: Heb. a man and his fellow

Exodus 18:17

And Moses' father in law said unto him, The thing that thou doest is not good.

Exodus 18:18

Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. Thou wilt: Heb. Fading thou wilt fade

Exodus 18:19

Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:

Exodus 18:20

And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

Numbers

Numbers 11:24

And Moses went out, and told the people the words of the LORD, and gathered the seventy men of the elders of the people, and set them round about the tabernacle.

Numbers 11:25

And the LORD came down in a cloud, and spake unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and gave it unto the seventy elders: and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied, and did not cease.

Numbers 11:26

But there remained two of the men in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad: and the spirit rested upon them; and they were of them that were written, but went not out unto the tabernacle: and they prophesied in the camp.

Numbers 11:27

And there ran a young man, and told Moses, and said, Eldad and Medad do prophesy in the camp.

Numbers 11:28

And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of Moses, one of his young men, answered and said, My lord Moses, forbid them.

Numbers 11:29

And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? would God that all the LORD'S people were prophets, and that the LORD would put his spirit upon them!

Numbers 11:30

And Moses gat him into the camp, he and the elders of Israel.

Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy 1:9

And I spake unto you at that time, saying, I am not able to bear you myself alone:

Deuteronomy 1:10

The LORD your God hath multiplied you, and, behold, ye are this day as the stars of heaven for multitude.

Deuteronomy 1:11

(The LORD God of your fathers make you a thousand times so many more as ye are, and bless you, as he hath promised you!)

Deuteronomy 1:12

How can I myself alone bear your cumbrance, and your burden, and your strife?

Deuteronomy 1:13

Take you wise men, and understanding, and known among your tribes, and I will make them rulers over you. Take: Heb. Give

Deuteronomy 1:14

And ye answered me, and said, The thing which thou hast spoken is good for us to do.

Deuteronomy 1:15

So I took the chief of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains over thousands, and captains over hundreds, and captains over fifties, and captains over tens, and officers among your tribes. made: Heb. gave

2 Chronicles

2 Chronicles 19:5

And he set judges in the land throughout all the fenced cities of Judah, city by city,

2 Chronicles 19:6

And said to the judges, Take heed what ye do: for ye judge not for man, but for the LORD, who is with you in the judgment. in: Heb. in the matter of judgment

2 Chronicles 19:7

Wherefore now let the fear of the LORD be upon you; take heed and do it: for there is no iniquity with the LORD our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of gifts.

2 Chronicles 19:8

Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites, and of the priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel, for the judgment of the LORD, and for controversies, when they returned to Jerusalem.

2 Chronicles 19:9

And he charged them, saying, Thus shall ye do in the fear of the LORD, faithfully, and with a perfect heart.

2 Chronicles 19:10

And what cause soever shall come to you of your brethren that dwell in their cities, between blood and blood, between law and commandment, statutes and judgments, ye shall even warn them that they trespass not against the LORD, and so wrath come upon you, and upon your brethren: this do, and ye shall not trespass.

New Testament

Acts

Acts 5:34

Then stood there up one in the council, a Pharisee, named Gamaliel, a doctor of the law, had in reputation among all the people, and commanded to put the apostles forth a little space;

Acts 5:35

And said unto them, Ye men of Israel, take heed to yourselves what ye intend to do as touching these men.

Acts 5:36

For before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody; to whom a number of men, about four hundred, joined themselves: who was slain; and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered, and brought to nought. obeyed: or, believed

Acts 5:37

After this man rose up Judas of Galilee in the days of the taxing, and drew away much people after him: he also perished; and all, even as many as obeyed him, were dispersed. obeyed: or, believed

Acts 5:38

And now I say unto you, Refrain from these men, and let them alone: for if this counsel or this work be of men, it will come to nought:

Acts 5:39

But if it be of God, ye cannot overthrow it; lest haply ye be found even to fight against God.

Acts 5:40

And to him they agreed: and when they had called the apostles, and beaten them, they commanded that they should not speak in the name of Jesus, and let them go.

Acts 16:19

And when her masters saw that the hope of their gains was gone, they caught Paul and Silas, and drew them into the marketplace unto the rulers, marketplace: or, court

Acts 16:20

And brought them to the magistrates, saying, These men, being Jews, do exceedingly trouble our city,

Acts 16:21

And teach customs, which are not lawful for us to receive, neither to observe, being Romans.

Acts 22:25

And as they bound him with thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?

Acts 22:26

When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest: for this man is a Roman.

Acts 22:27

Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me art thou a Roman?1161 He said, Yea.

Acts 22:28

And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.

Acts 22:29

Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him. examined him: or, tortured him

Romans

People in the Bible and courts of justice

Biblical figures whose stories intersect with this theme.

In the Bible dictionary

Studying courts of justice for yourself

  • Begin with Genesis 23:17, then read the passages below in canonical order.
  • Compare how Acts, Exodus and Numbers each treat the theme.
  • Consider the lives of Moses, Jesus and Abraham and how their stories intersect with it.
  • Widen the study to related themes: Judge, Prisoners, Desert, Journey of Israel Through The and Rulers.

Frequently asked questions

What does the Bible say about courts of justice?

The Bible addresses courts of justice across 68 verses, drawn from both the Old and New Testaments. These passages cluster most in Acts, Exodus and Numbers. Closely related themes include Judge, Prisoners, Desert, Journey of Israel Through The and Rulers. Figures whose stories touch this theme include Moses, Jesus, Abraham and Paul.

How many Bible verses are about courts of justice?

The Bible references courts of justice in 68 verses (King James Version).

Where does the Bible first mention courts of justice?

In canonical order, the first of these passages is Genesis 23:17: “And the field of Ephron, which was in Machpelah, which was before Mamre, the field, and the cave which was therein, and all the trees that were in the field, that were in all the borders round about, were made sure”

Which people in the Bible are associated with courts of justice?

Moses, Jesus, Abraham, Paul and Ephron.

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